Bayanin Samfurin
Bututun da aka haɗa da bakin ƙarfe da aka haɗa da ƙarfe suna da matuƙar muhimmanci a fannoni daban-daban na masana'antu saboda dorewarsu, juriyarsu ga tsatsa, da kuma sauƙin amfani. Ana ƙera waɗannan bututun ta hanyar walda, suna haɗa zanen gado ko tsiri na bakin ƙarfe don samar da bututun silinda. Ga cikakken bayani game da bututun da aka haɗa da bakin ƙarfe:
Kayan aiki da maki:
● Jerin 304 da 316: Nau'in ƙarfe na yau da kullun da aka yi amfani da shi a matsayin ƙarfe mai kauri.
● 310/S da 310H: Bakin ƙarfe mai jure zafi mai yawa don amfani da murhu da musayar zafi.
● 321 da 321H: Ma'aunin juriya ga zafi wanda ya dace da yanayin zafi mai yawa.
● 904L: Hadin da ke jure tsatsa sosai ga muhalli mai tsauri.
● S31803: Bakin ƙarfe mai duplex, wanda ke ba da ƙarfi da juriya ga tsatsa.
Tsarin Masana'antu:
● Walda Mai Haɗa Wutar Lantarki (EFW): A cikin wannan tsari, ana haɗa dinki mai tsayi ta hanyar amfani da makamashin lantarki a kan baka na walda.
● Walda Mai Nutsewa a Baka (SAW): A nan, walda ana yin ta ne ta hanyar narke gefuna da baka mai ci gaba da nutsewa a cikin ruwa.
● Walda Mai Yawan Mita (HFI): Wannan hanyar tana amfani da kwararar ruwa mai yawan mita don ƙirƙirar dinkin walda a cikin tsari mai ci gaba.
Fa'idodi:
● Juriyar Tsatsa: Yana jure wa nau'ikan hanyoyin sadarwa da muhalli iri-iri.
● Ƙarfi: Ƙarfin injina mai ƙarfi yana tabbatar da daidaiton tsarin.
● Sauƙin Amfani: Akwai shi a girma dabam-dabam, maki, da kuma ƙarewa daban-daban don dacewa da aikace-aikace daban-daban.
● Tsafta: Ya dace da masana'antu masu tsananin buƙatar tsafta.
● Tsawon Rai: Yana nuna juriya ta musamman, wanda ke haifar da tsawaita rayuwar aiki.
A taƙaice, bututun walda na bakin ƙarfe muhimmin abu ne a cikin masana'antu, suna ba da dorewa, juriya ga tsatsa, da kuma sauƙin amfani ga aikace-aikace iri-iri. Zaɓin inganci na inganci, hanyar kera, da bin ƙa'idodin masana'antu suna da mahimmanci don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki da amincin tsarin bututun walda.
Bayani dalla-dalla
| ASTM A312/A312M:304, 304L, 310/S, 310H, 316, 316L, 321, 321H da sauransu... |
| EN 10216-5: 1.4301, 1.4307, 1.4401, 1.4404, 1.4571, 1.4432, 1.4435, 1.4541, 1.4550 da dai sauransu. |
| DIN 17456: 1.4301, 1.4307, 1.4401, 1.4404, 1.4571, 1.4432, 1.4435, 1.4541, 1.4550 da dai sauransu... |
| JIS G3459: SUS304TB, SUS304LTB, SUS316TB, SUS316LTB da sauransu... |
| GB/T 14976: 06Cr19Ni10, 022Cr19Ni10, 06Cr17Ni12Mo2 |
| Bakin karfe mai suna Austenitic:TP304, TP304L, TP304H, TP310S, TP316, TP316L, TP316H, TP316Ti, TP317, TP317L, TP321, TP321H, TP347, TP347H, TP347HFG N08904(904L), S30432, S31254, N08367, S30815... Bakin Karfe Duplex:S31803, S32205, S32750, S32760, S32707, S32906... Alloy na Nickel:N04400, N06600, N06625, N08800, N08810(800H), N08825... Amfani:Masana'antun mai, sinadarai, iskar gas, wutar lantarki da kayan aikin injiniya. |
| DN mm | NB Inci | OD mm | SCH40S mm | SCH5S mm | SCH10S mm | SCH10 mm | SCH20 mm | SCH40 mm | SCH60 mm | XS/80S mm | SCH80 mm | SCH100 mm | SCH120 mm | SCH140 mm | SCH160 mm | SCHXXS mm |
| 6 | 1/8” | 10.29 | 1.24 | 1.73 | 2.41 | |||||||||||
| 8 | 1/4” | 13.72 | 1.65 | 2.24 | 3.02 | |||||||||||
| 10 | 3/8” | 17.15 | 1.65 | 2.31 | 3.20 | |||||||||||
| 15 | 1/2” | 21.34 | 2.77 | 1.65 | 2.11 | 2.77 | 3.73 | 3.73 | 4.78 | 7.47 | ||||||
| 20 | 3/4” | 26.67 | 2.87 | 1.65 | 2.11 | 2.87 | 3.91 | 3.91 | 5.56 | 7.82 | ||||||
| 25 | 1” | 33.40 | 3.38 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.38 | 4.55 | 4.55 | 6.35 | 9.09 | ||||||
| 32 | 1 1/4” | 42.16 | 3.56 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.56 | 4.85 | 4.85 | 6.35 | 9.70 | ||||||
| 40 | 1 1/2” | 48.26 | 3.68 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.68 | 5.08 | 5.08 | 7.14 | 10.15 | ||||||
| 50 | 2” | 60.33 | 3.91 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.91 | 5.54 | 5.54 | 9.74 | 11.07 | ||||||
| 65 | 2 1/2” | 73.03 | 5.16 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.16 | 7.01 | 7.01 | 9.53 | 14.02 | ||||||
| 80 | 3” | 88.90 | 5.49 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.49 | 7.62 | 7.62 | 11.13 | 15.24 | ||||||
| 90 | 3 1/2” | 101.60 | 5.74 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.74 | 8.08 | 8.08 | ||||||||
| 100 | 4” | 114.30 | 6.02 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 6.02 | 8.56 | 8.56 | 11.12 | 13.49 | 17.12 | |||||
| 125 | 5” | 141.30 | 6.55 | 2.77 | 3.40 | 6.55 | 9.53 | 9.53 | 12.70 | 15.88 | 19.05 | |||||
| 150 | 6” | 168.27 | 7.11 | 2.77 | 3.40 | 7.11 | 10.97 | 10.97 | 14.27 | 18.26 | 21.95 | |||||
| 200 | 8” | 219.08 | 8.18 | 2.77 | 3.76 | 6.35 | 8.18 | 10.31 | 12.70 | 12.70 | 15.09 | 19.26 | 20.62 | 23.01 | 22.23 | |
| 250 | 10” | 273.05 | 9.27 | 3.40 | 4.19 | 6.35 | 9.27 | 12.70 | 12.70 | 15.09 | 19.26 | 21.44 | 25.40 | 28.58 | 25.40 | |
| 300 | 12” | 323.85 | 9.53 | 3.96 | 4.57 | 6.35 | 10.31 | 14.27 | 12.70 | 17.48 | 21.44 | 25.40 | 28.58 | 33.32 | 25.40 | |
| 350 | 14” | 355.60 | 9.53 | 3.96 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 11.13 | 15.09 | 12.70 | 19.05 | 23.83 | 27.79 | 31.75 | 35.71 | |
| 400 | 16” | 406.40 | 9.53 | 4.19 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 16.66 | 12.70 | 21.44 | 26.19 | 30.96 | 36.53 | 40.49 | |
| 450 | 18” | 457.20 | 9.53 | 4.19 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 14.27 | 19.05 | 12.70 | 23.83 | 29.36 | 34.93 | 39.67 | 45.24 | |
| 500 | 20” | 508.00 | 9.53 | 4.78 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 15.09 | 20.62 | 12.70 | 26.19 | 32.54 | 38.10 | 44.45 | 50.01 | |
| 550 | 22” | 558.80 | 9.53 | 4.78 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 22.23 | 12.70 | 28.58 | 34.93 | 41.28 | 47.63 | 53.98 | ||
| 600 | 24” | 609.60 | 9.53 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 17.48 | 24.61 | 12.70 | 30.96 | 38.89 | 46.02 | 52.37 | 59.54 | |
| 650 | 26” | 660.40 | 9.53 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 12.70 | ||||||||||
| 700 | 28” | 711.20 | 9.53 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 12.70 | ||||||||||
| 750 | 30” | 762.00 | 9.53 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 12.70 | ||||||||
| 800 | 32” | 812.80 | 9.53 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 17.48 | 12.70 | |||||||||
| 850 | 34” | 863.60 | 9.53 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 17.48 | 12.70 | |||||||||
| 900 | 36” | 914.40 | 9.53 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 19.05 | 12.70 | |||||||||
| DN 1000mm da sama da kauri bango bututun da za a keɓance shi | ||||||||||||||||
Daidaitacce & Matsayi
| Daidaitacce | Karfe maki |
| ASTM A312/A312M: Bututun Bakin Karfe Mara Sumul, Mai Walda, da Sanyi Mai Yawa | 304, 304L, 310S, 310H, 316, 316L, 321, 321H da sauransu... |
| ASTM A269: Bututun bakin karfe mara sumul da walda don hidima ta gaba ɗaya | TP304, TP304L, TP316, TP316L, TP321.TP347 da sauransu... |
| ASTM A249: Boiler ɗin ƙarfe na Austenitic da aka walda, Superheater, Mai Canja Zafi, da Bututun Mai Rage Zafi | 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 316H, 316N, 316LN, 317, 317L, 321, 321H, 347, 347H, 348 |
| ASTM A269: Bakin Karfe Mai Zane Ba tare da Sulɓi da Walda Ba | 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 316H, 316N, 316LN, 317, 317L, 321, 321H, 347, 347H, 348 |
| ASTM A270: Tubulen Tsabtace Bakin Karfe Mai Tsabtace Bakin Aiki Mara Sumul da Walda | Maki na Bakin Karfe na Austenitic: 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 316H, 316N, 316LN, 317, 317L, 321, 321H, 347, 347H, 348 Karfe Mai ... |
| ASTM A358/A358M: Bukatun Bututun Karfe na Austenitic da aka Welded don Muhalli Masu Zafi Mai Yawa, Matsi Mai Yawa, da Tsatsa | 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 316H, 316N, 316LN, 317, 317L, 321, 321H, 347, 347H, 348 |
| ASTM A554: Bututun injina na bakin karfe mai walda, wanda aka saba amfani da shi don aikace-aikacen gini ko ado | 304, 304L, 316, 316L |
| ASTM A789: Bututun ƙarfe mara sumul da welded ferritic/austenitic don sabis na gabaɗaya | S31803 (Bakin ƙarfe mai duplex) S32205 (Bakin ƙarfe mai duplex) |
| ASTM A790: Bututun ƙarfe mai kama da ferritic/austenitic mara sumul da kuma welded don hidimar lalata gabaɗaya, sabis mai zafi mai yawa, da bututun ƙarfe mai kama da duplex. | S31803 (Bakin ƙarfe mai duplex) S32205 (Bakin ƙarfe mai duplex) |
| EN 10217-7: Bukatun masana'antu na Turai na yau da kullun da bututun ƙarfe mai walda. | 1.4301, 1.4307, 1.4401, 1.4404, 1.4571, 1.4003, 1.4509, 1.4510, 1.4462, 1.4948, 1.4878 da sauransu... |
| DIN 17457: Ma'aunin Jamusanci da ake amfani da shi don kera bututun ƙarfe mai walda | 1.4301, 1.4307, 1.4401, 1.4404, 1.4571, 1.4003, 1.4509, 1.4510, 1.4462, 1.4948, 1.4878 da sauransu... |
| JIS G3468: Ma'aunin Masana'antu na Japan wanda ke ƙayyade buƙatun masana'antu don bututun ƙarfe mai walda. | SUS304, SUS304L, SUS316, SUS316L, SUS329J3L da sauransu... |
| GB/T 12771: Ma'aunin Ƙasa na ƙasar Sin da ake amfani da shi don buƙatun masana'antu na bututun ƙarfe mai walda. | 06Cr19Ni10, 022Cr19Ni1, 06Cr17Ni12Mo2, 022Cr22Ni5Mo3N |
| Bakin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi: TP304, TP304L, TP304H, TP310S, TP316, TP316L, TP316H, TP316Ti, TP317, TP317L, TP321, TP321H, TP347, TP347H, TP347HFG N08904(904L), S30432, S31254, N08367, S30815... Bakin ƙarfe mai duplex: S31803, S32205, S32750, S32760, S32707, S32906... Alloy na Nickel:N04400, N06600, N06625, N08800, N08810(800H), N08825... Amfani: Masana'antun Man Fetur, Sinadarai, Iskar Gas, Wutar Lantarki da kayan aikin Inji. | |
Sarrafa Inganci
Duba Kayan Danye, Binciken Sinadarai, Gwajin Inji, Duba Gani, Duba Girma, Gwajin Lanƙwasa, Gwajin Tasiri, Gwajin Tsatsa Tsakanin Granular, Gwajin Ba Mai Lalacewa Ba (UT, MT, PT) Tsarin Walda Cancanta, Binciken Tsarin Microstructure, Gwajin Flaring da Flattening, Gwajin Tauri, Gwajin Matsi, Gwajin Abubuwan Ferrite, Gwajin Metallography, Gwajin Tsatsa, Gwajin Eddy Current, Gwajin Fesa Gishiri, Gwajin Juriyar Tsatsa, Gwajin Girgiza, Gwajin Pitting Corrosion, Fentin da Duba Shafi, Bitar Takardu…..
Amfani & Aikace-aikace
Bututun walda na bakin karfe suna samun amfani mai yawa a fannoni daban-daban saboda kyawawan halaye da kuma sauƙin amfani. Ana amfani da waɗannan bututun a fannoni daban-daban, waɗanda suka dogara da dorewarsu, juriyarsu ga tsatsa, da kuma dacewa da muhalli daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin muhimman wuraren amfani da aikace-aikacen bututun walda na bakin karfe sun haɗa da:
● Amfani da Masana'antu: Ya zama ruwan dare a masana'antun mai, iskar gas, sinadarai na petrochemical, da wutar lantarki saboda juriyar tsatsa.
● Gine-gine: Ana amfani da shi a fannin famfo, samar da ruwa, da kuma gine-gine domin ƙarfi da tsawon rai.
● Masana'antar Abinci: Muhimmanci wajen isar da abinci da abin sha, tare da cika ƙa'idodin tsafta.
● Motoci: Ana aiki da su a tsarin fitar da hayaki da sassan gini, suna jure wa mawuyacin yanayi.
● Likitanci: Ana amfani da shi a cikin na'urorin likitanci da bututun tsafta, yana mai da hankali kan tsafta.
● Noma: Don tsarin ban ruwa mai jure tsatsa, tabbatar da ingantaccen rarraba ruwa.
● Maganin Ruwa: Ya dace da jigilar ruwan da aka tace da kuma ruwan da aka tace.
● Na ruwa: Yana jure wa tsatsawar ruwan gishiri, ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin jiragen ruwa da gine-ginen teku.
● Makamashi: Jigilar ruwa a fannin makamashi, gami da iskar gas da mai.
● Jajjagen ƙasa da takarda: Muhimmanci don isar da sinadarai da ruwa a cikin tsarin samarwa.
A taƙaice, bututun ƙarfe masu walda suna aiki a matsayin muhimman abubuwa a fannoni daban-daban na masana'antu da aikace-aikace. Juriyar tsatsa, ƙarfin injina, da kuma ikon biyan buƙatu masu tsauri sun sa su zama dole ga kayayyakin more rayuwa na zamani, hanyoyin masana'antu, da kuma fannoni daban-daban na musamman.
Shiryawa & Jigilar Kaya
Ana naɗe bututun ƙarfe masu bakin ƙarfe kuma ana jigilar su da matuƙar kulawa don tabbatar da kariyarsu yayin jigilar kaya. Ga bayanin yadda ake shirya marufi da jigilar kaya:
Marufi:
● Rufin Kariya: Kafin a rufe bututun bakin karfe, galibi ana shafa musu mai ko fim mai kariya domin hana tsatsa da lalacewa a saman bututun.
● Haɗawa: Ana haɗa bututu masu girma da ƙayyadaddun abubuwa iri ɗaya tare a hankali. Ana ɗaure su ta amfani da madauri, igiyoyi, ko madaurin filastik don hana motsi a cikin madaurin.
● Murfin Ƙarshe: Ana sanya murfin ƙarshen roba ko ƙarfe a ƙarshen bututun biyu don samar da ƙarin kariya ga ƙarshen bututun da zare.
● Famfo da Famfo: Ana amfani da kayan famfo kamar kumfa, kumfa, ko kwali mai rufi don samar da matashin kai da kuma hana lalacewar tasiri yayin jigilar kaya.
● Akwatunan Katako ko Akwatunan: A wasu lokuta, ana iya sanya bututu a cikin akwatunan katako ko akwatunan don samar da ƙarin kariya daga ƙarfin waje da sarrafawa.
Jigilar kaya:
● Yanayin Sufuri: Ana jigilar bututun bakin ƙarfe ta amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban na sufuri kamar manyan motoci, jiragen ruwa, ko jigilar jiragen sama, ya danganta da inda ake zuwa da kuma gaggawar da ake buƙata.
● Sanya bututu a cikin kwantena: Ana iya loda bututu a cikin kwantena na jigilar kaya don tabbatar da aminci da tsari na jigilar kaya. Wannan kuma yana ba da kariya daga yanayin yanayi da gurɓatattun abubuwa na waje.
● Lakabi da Takardu: Kowace fakitin an yi mata lakabi da muhimman bayanai, gami da ƙayyadaddun bayanai, adadi, umarnin sarrafawa, da cikakkun bayanai game da inda za a je. Ana shirya takardun jigilar kaya don share kwastam da bin diddigin su.
● Bin Dokokin Kwastam: Don jigilar kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje, an shirya duk takaddun kwastam da ake buƙata don tabbatar da an share su cikin sauƙi a inda za a kai su.
● Maƙallin Tsaro: A cikin motar sufuri ko akwati, ana ɗaure bututu da ƙarfi don hana motsi da rage haɗarin lalacewa yayin jigilar kaya.
● Bin diddigi da Kulawa: Ana iya amfani da ingantattun tsarin bin diddigi don sa ido kan wurin da kuma yanayin jigilar kaya a ainihin lokaci.
● Inshora: Dangane da darajar kayan, ana iya samun inshorar jigilar kaya don biyan asarar da za a iya samu ko lalacewa yayin jigilar kaya.
A taƙaice, za a naɗe bututun ƙarfe na bakin ƙarfe da muka samar da su da matakan kariya sannan a aika su ta amfani da hanyoyin sufuri masu inganci don tabbatar da cewa sun isa inda za su je cikin yanayi mafi kyau. Tsarin marufi da jigilar kaya masu kyau suna taimakawa wajen sahihanci da ingancin bututun da aka kawo.
















