Tarihin ci gaban bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi
Samar da bututun ƙarfe mara ƙarfi yana da tarihin kusan shekaru 100.’Yan’uwan Mannesmann na Jamus sun fara ƙirƙira bututun nadi biyu na nadi a shekara ta 1885, da kuma injin bututu na lokaci-lokaci a shekara ta 1891. A shekara ta 1903, jirgin ruwa na Swiss RC stiefel ya ƙirƙira injin bututu mai sarrafa kansa (wanda kuma aka sani da babban injin bututu).Bayan haka, na'urorin fadada daban-daban irin su ci gaba da injin bututu da injin bututun bututu sun bayyana, waɗanda suka fara samar da masana'antar bututun ƙarfe na zamani.A cikin shekarun 1930, saboda amfani da injin bututun birgima guda uku, masu fitar da wuta da injin mirgina na lokaci-lokaci, an inganta iri da ingancin bututun ƙarfe.A cikin 1960s, saboda inganta ci gaba da bututun niƙa da kuma fitowar nadi uku, musamman nasarar rage tashin hankali da kuma ci gaba da zubar da billet, aikin samar da ingantaccen aiki ya inganta kuma an haɓaka gasa tsakanin bututu maras kyau da bututun walda.A cikin 1970s, bututu maras sumul da bututun walda sun kasance suna tafiya cikin sauri, kuma yawan bututun ƙarfe na duniya ya karu da fiye da kashi 5% a kowace shekara.Tun daga shekarar 1953, kasar Sin ta ba da muhimmanci ga raya masana'antar bututun karfe maras sumul, kuma da farko ta kafa tsarin kera dukkan nau'ikan manyan bututu, matsakaita da kanana.Gabaɗaya, bututun jan ƙarfe kuma yana ɗaukar hanyoyin billet giciye da hudawa.
Aikace-aikace da rarrabuwa na bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi
Aikace-aikace:
Bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi wani nau'i ne na sashin tattalin arziki, wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tattalin arzikin ƙasa.Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin man fetur, masana'antar sinadarai, tukunyar jirgi, tashar wutar lantarki, jirgin ruwa, masana'antar kera, mota, jirgin sama, sararin samaniya, makamashi, ilimin ƙasa, gini, masana'antar soja da sauran sassan.
Rabewa:
① Dangane da siffar sashe: bututun sashin madauwari da bututun sashe na musamman.
② bisa ga kayan: carbon karfe bututu, gami karfe bututu, bakin karfe bututu da hadawa bututu.
③ bisa ga yanayin haɗin gwiwa: bututun haɗin da aka haɗa da bututu mai walda.
④ bisa ga yanayin samarwa: zafi mai zafi (extrusion, jacking da fadada) bututu da bututu mai sanyi (zane).
⑤ bisa ga manufar: tukunyar jirgi, bututun rijiyar mai, bututun mai, bututun tsari da bututun taki.
Fasahar samar da bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi
① Babban samar da tsari (babban dubawa tsari) na zafi birgima sumul karfe bututu:
Tube blank shirye-shirye da dubawa → tube blank dumama → perforation → tube rolling → reheating na raw tube → size (ragewa) → zafi magani → mikewa na gama tube → gama → dubawa (nodestructive, jiki da kuma sinadaran, benci gwajin) → warehousing.
② Babban tsarin samarwa na bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi (wanda aka zana).
Shirye-shirye mara kyau → pickling da lubrication → mirgina sanyi (zane) → maganin zafi → daidaitawa → gamawa → dubawa.
A samar da tsari kwarara ginshiƙi na zafi birgima sumul karfe bututu ne kamar haka:
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-14-2023