Bambance-bambance tsakanin carbon karfe da bakin karfe

Karfe Karfe

Karfe wanda kayan aikin injiniya ya dogara da farko akan abun cikin carbon na karfe kuma wanda ba a haɗa shi da abubuwan haɗakarwa gabaɗaya zuwa gare shi ba, wani lokaci ana kiransa carbon carbon ko carbon karfe.

Carbon karfe, wanda kuma ake kira carbon karfe, yana nufin ƙarfe-carbon gami da ke ɗauke da ƙasa da 2% carbon WC.

Karfe na Carbon gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi ƙananan adadin silicon, manganese, sulfur da phosphorus ban da carbon.

Dangane da yin amfani da carbon karfe za a iya raba uku Categories na carbon tsarin karfe, carbon kayan aiki karfe da free yankan tsarin karfe, carbon tsarin karfe ne zuwa kashi biyu na tsarin karfe domin yi da inji yi;

Bisa ga hanyar smelting za a iya raba zuwa lebur tanderun karfe, Converter karfe da lantarki tanderun karfe;

Bisa ga deoxidation hanya za a iya raba tafasasshen karfe (F), sedentary karfe (Z), Semi-sedentary karfe (b) da kuma musamman sedentary karfe (TZ);

Bisa ga abun ciki na carbon karfe za a iya raba zuwa low carbon karfe (WC ≤ 0.25%), matsakaici carbon karfe (WC0.25% -0.6%) da kuma high carbon karfe (WC> 0.6%);

A cewar phosphorus, sulfur abun ciki na carbon karfe za a iya raba talakawa carbon karfe (dauke da phosphorus, sulfur mafi girma), high quality carbon karfe (dauke da phosphorus, sulfur kasa) da kuma high quality karfe (dauke da phosphorus, sulfur kasa) da kuma karfe na musamman mai inganci.

Mafi girman abun ciki na carbon a cikin ƙarfe na carbon gabaɗaya, mafi girman taurin, mafi girman ƙarfin, amma ƙananan filastik.

Bakin Karfe

Karfe mai jure acid ana kiransa bakin karfe, wanda ya kunshi manyan sassa guda biyu: bakin karfe da karfe mai jure acid.A takaice dai, karfen da zai iya juriya da gurbacewar yanayi ana kiransa bakin karfe, yayin da karfen da zai iya jure lalata ta hanyar sinadarai ana kiransa karfen da ba zai iya jurewa acid ba.Bakin karfe babban ƙarfe ne wanda ke da fiye da 60% na baƙin ƙarfe a matsayin matrix, yana ƙara chromium, nickel, molybdenum da sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa.

Lokacin da karfe ya ƙunshi fiye da 12% chromium, karfe a cikin iska da dilute nitric acid ba shi da sauƙi don lalata da tsatsa.Dalili kuwa shi ne, chromium na iya samar da wani matsi sosai na fim din chromium oxide a saman karfe, yadda ya kamata ya kare karfe daga lalacewa.Bakin karfe a cikin abun ciki na chromium gabaɗaya ya fi 14%, amma bakin ƙarfe ba shi da cikakkiyar tsatsa.A cikin yankunan bakin teku ko wasu gurɓataccen iska, lokacin da abun ciki na ion chloride na iska ya yi girma, saman bakin karfe da aka fallasa zuwa sararin samaniya na iya samun wasu tsatsa, amma waɗannan tsatsa suna iyakance kawai a saman, ba za su lalata bakin karfe ba. na ciki matrix.

Gabaɗaya magana, adadin chrome Wcr fiye da 12% na ƙarfe yana da halaye na bakin karfe, bakin karfe bisa ga microstructure bayan maganin zafi za a iya kasu kashi biyar: wato, ferrite bakin karfe, martensitic bakin karfe, austenitic bakin karfe. karfe, austenitic – ferrite bakin karfe da precipitated carbonized bakin karfe.

Bakin karfe yawanci ana raba shi ta ƙungiyar matrix:

1, bakin karfe feritic.Ya ƙunshi 12% zuwa 30% chromium.Juriyarsa lalata, tauri da weldability tare da karuwa a cikin chromium abun ciki da inganta chloride danniya lalata juriya ya fi sauran nau'in bakin karfe.

2, bakin karfe austenitic.Ya ƙunshi fiye da 18% chromium, kuma ya ƙunshi kusan 8% nickel da ƙaramin adadin molybdenum, titanium, nitrogen da sauran abubuwa.Cikakken aikin yana da kyau, yana iya jurewa iri-iri na lalatawar watsa labarai.

3, Austenitic - ferritic duplex bakin karfe.Dukansu austenitic da ferritic bakin karfe, kuma yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga superplasticity.

4, bakin karfe martensitic.High ƙarfi, amma matalauta plasticity da weldability.