Lalacewa ita ce lalacewa ko tabarbarewar kayayyaki ko kaddarorinsu sakamakon yanayin.Yawancin lalacewa yana faruwa a cikin yanayin yanayi, wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu lalata da abubuwa masu lalata kamar oxygen, zafi, canjin yanayin zafi da kuma gurɓatawa.
Lalacewar cyclic abu ne na gama-gari kuma mafi lalata yanayin yanayi.Lalacewar cyclic a saman kayan ƙarfe shine saboda ions chloride da ke ƙunshe a cikin saman ƙarfe na oxidized Layer da Layer na kariya na shigar ƙarfe na ƙarfe da na ciki ƙarfe electrochemical dauki lalacewa ta hanyar.A lokaci guda, chlorine ions dauke da wani hydration makamashi, sauki da za a adsorbed a cikin pores na karfe surface, fasa cunkoso da kuma maye gurbin oxygen a cikin oxide Layer, insoluble oxides a cikin soluble chlorides, sabõda haka, passivation na jihar. saman cikin wani aiki mai aiki.
Gwajin lalata cyclic wani nau'in gwajin muhalli ne musamman ta amfani da kayan gwajin Cyclic Corrosion don ƙirƙirar ƙirar wucin gadi na yanayin muhalli na Cyclic lalata don tantance juriyar lalata samfuran ko kayan ƙarfe.An kasu kashi biyu, ɗaya don gwajin bayyanar yanayin yanayi, ɗayan don haɓakar simintin wucin gadi na gwajin muhalli na Cyclic Corrosion.
Kwaikwayo na wucin gadi na gwajin muhalli na Cyclic Corrosion shine amfani da wani ƙayyadaddun kayan aikin gwajin sararin samaniya - Gidan gwajin Cyclic Corrosion (Figure), a cikin girman sararin samaniya tare da hanyoyin wucin gadi, yana haifar da yanayin lalatawar Cyclic don tantance ingancin Cyclic na samfurin. Juriya lalata lalata.
Ana kwatanta shi da yanayin yanayi, gishirin gishiri na chloride na yanayin yanayin lalatawar Cyclic, na iya zama sau da yawa ko sau da yawa yanayin yanayin yanayin yanayin yanayin lalata abun ciki, ta yadda yawan lalata ya karu sosai, gwajin lalatawar Cyclic akan samfurin, lokacin da za a samu sakamakon kuma an rage shi sosai.Kamar a cikin yanayin bayyanar yanayi don gwajin samfurin samfur, zama lalatarsa na iya ɗaukar shekara 1, yayin da a cikin simulation na wucin gadi na yanayin muhalli na Cyclic Corrosion, muddin awanni 24, zaku iya samun sakamako iri ɗaya.
Lantarki na simulated Cyclic Corrosion ana iya raba shi zuwa rukuni huɗu
(1)Gwajin Lalacewa Tsakanin Tsakanin Cyclic (Gwajin NSS)Hanyar gwajin lalata ce mai hanzari wacce ta bayyana da farko kuma a halin yanzu ana amfani da ita sosai.Yana amfani da 5% sodium chloride saline bayani, bayani PH darajar gyara a cikin tsaka tsaki kewayon (6.5 ~ 7.2) a matsayin bayani ga spraying.Ana ɗaukar zazzabi na gwajin 35 ℃, ƙimar daidaitawar buƙatun Cyclic Corrosion a cikin 1 ~ 2ml / 80cm / h.
(2)Gwajin lalata cyclic acid (gwajin ASS)an haɓaka shi akan gwajin lalata cyclic tsaka tsaki.Yana da a ƙara wasu glacial acetic acid a cikin 5% sodium chloride bayani, don haka da PH darajar da aka rage zuwa kusan 3, da bayani ya zama acidic, da kuma karshe samuwar Cyclic Corrosion kuma an canza daga tsaka tsaki Cyclic Corrosion zuwa acidic. .Adadin lalatarsa kusan sau 3 cikin sauri fiye da gwajin NSS.
(3)Gwargwadon gishirin jan karfe acetic acid Cyclic Corrosion Test (gwajin CASS)sabon ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren cyclic lalata ne na ƙasashen waje, gwajin zazzabi na 50 ℃, maganin gishiri tare da ƙaramin adadin jan ƙarfe - jan karfe chloride, lalata mai ƙarfi.Adadin lalatarsa kusan sau 8 ne na gwajin NSS.
(4)Madadin gwajin lalatawar cycliccikakken gwajin lalata cyclic ne, wanda shine ainihin gwajin lalatawar Cyclic tare da yawan zafi da gwajin zafi.Ana amfani da shi musamman don nau'in nau'in nau'in rami gabaɗaya, ta hanyar shiga cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano, ta yadda ba a haifar da lalatawar Cyclic a saman samfurin ba, har ma a cikin samfurin.Samfurin ne a cikin Cyclic Corrosion da zafi mai zafi yanayin muhalli guda biyu a madadin, kuma a ƙarshe tantance kaddarorin lantarki da injina na samfuran duka tare da ko ba tare da canje-canje ba.
Sakamakon gwajin gwaji na Cyclic Corrosion ana ba da shi gabaɗaya cikin inganci maimakon ƙididdiga.Akwai takamaiman hanyoyin shari'a guda huɗu.
①rating hukuncin hanyashine yanki na lalata da jimillar yanki na rabon kashi bisa ga wata hanyar rarraba zuwa matakan da yawa, zuwa wani matakin a matsayin ingantaccen tsarin shari'a, ya dace da samfuran lebur don kimantawa.
②hanyar auna hukuncishi ne ta hanyar nauyin samfurin kafin da kuma bayan hanyar auna gwajin lalata, ƙididdige nauyin asarar hasara don yin la'akari da ingancin samfurin juriya, ya dace musamman don ƙimar ƙimar juriya na ƙarfe.
③Hanyar tantance kamanni mai lalacewahanya ce ta ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙima, gwajin lalatawar Cyclic, ko samfurin yana samar da yanayin lalata don tantance samfurin, samfuran samfuran gabaɗaya galibi ana amfani da su ta wannan hanyar.
④Lalacewar bayanan ƙididdiga hanyar bincikeyana ba da ƙirar gwaje-gwajen lalata, nazarin bayanan lalata, bayanan lalata don sanin matakin amincewa da hanyar, wanda galibi ana amfani da shi don yin nazari, lalata ƙididdiga, maimakon musamman don takamaiman hukuncin ingancin samfur.
Gwajin lalata cyclic na bakin karfe
An ƙirƙira gwajin lalata cyclic a farkon karni na ashirin, shine mafi tsayin amfani da "gwajin lalata", yardar mai amfani da kayan da ba ta da lahani sosai, ya zama gwajin "duniya".Babban dalilan sune kamar haka: ① ceton lokaci;② ƙananan farashi;③ na iya gwada abubuwa iri-iri;④ sakamakon yana da sauƙi kuma a bayyane, masu dacewa ga sasanta rikice-rikice na kasuwanci.
A aikace, gwajin Cyclic Corrosion na bakin karfe shine wanda aka fi sani da shi - sa'o'i nawa ne wannan abu zai iya gwada lalatawar Cyclic?Dole ne masu aiki su kasance baƙo ga wannan tambayar.
Masu sayar da kayayyaki galibi suna amfani da suwuce gona da irimagani koinganta saman polishing sa, da sauransu, don inganta lokacin gwajin Cyclic Corrosion na bakin karfe.Koyaya, mafi mahimmancin ƙayyadaddun abu shine abun da ke cikin bakin karfe da kansa, watau abun ciki na chromium, molybdenum da nickel.
Mafi girman abun ciki na abubuwa guda biyu, chromium da molybdenum, mafi ƙarfin aikin lalata da ake buƙata don tsayayya da ɓarna da ɓarna ya fara bayyana.Ana bayyana wannan juriyar lalata ta cikin abin da ake kiraMatsakaicin Juriya na Pitting(PRE) ƙimar: PRE = % Cr + 3.3 x % Mo.
Ko da yake nickel baya ƙara juriya na karfe zuwa rami da lalata lalata, yana iya rage saurin lalata yadda ya kamata bayan an fara aikin lalata.Bakin karfe mai ɗauke da nickel don haka yakan fi yin kyau sosai a gwaje-gwajen lalatawar Cyclic, kuma suna lalata da ƙasa da ƙarfi fiye da ƙananan ƙarfe na ferritic mai ƙarancin nickel tare da irin wannan juriya ga lalata kwatankwacin lalata.
Taimako: Don daidaitaccen 304, lalatawar Cyclic tsaka tsaki yana tsakanin sa'o'i 48 zuwa 72;don daidaitaccen 316, lalatawar Cyclic tsaka tsaki gabaɗaya yana tsakanin sa'o'i 72 da 120.
Ya kamata a lura da cewadaCyclic Corrosiongwajin yana da manyan kurakurai lokacin gwada kaddarorin bakin karfe.Abubuwan da ke cikin chloride na Cyclic Corrosion a cikin gwajin Cyclic Corrosion yana da girma sosai, ya zarce yanayin da ake ciki, don haka bakin karfen da zai iya tsayayya da lalata a cikin ainihin yanayin aikace-aikacen tare da ƙarancin abun ciki na chloride shima zai lalace a cikin gwajin lalatawar Cyclic. .
Gwajin lalata cyclic yana canza halayen lalata na bakin karfe, ba za a iya ɗaukarsa azaman gwajin gaggawa ko gwajin siminti ba.Sakamakon yana da gefe ɗaya kuma ba su da dangantaka da ainihin aikin bakin karfe wanda aka yi amfani da shi a ƙarshe.
Don haka za mu iya amfani da gwajin Cyclic Corrosion don kwatanta juriya na lalata nau'ikan bakin karfe daban-daban, amma wannan gwajin yana iya ƙididdige kayan ne kawai.Lokacin zabar kayan ƙarfe na musamman, gwajin Cyclic Corrosion kadai ba ya yawan samar da isassun bayanai, saboda ba mu da isasshen fahimtar haɗin kai tsakanin yanayin gwajin da ainihin yanayin aikace-aikacen.
Saboda wannan dalili, ba zai yiwu a ƙididdige rayuwar sabis na samfur ba bisa ga gwajin Cyclic Corrosion na samfurin bakin karfe.
Bugu da ƙari, ba zai yiwu a yi kwatanta tsakanin nau'o'in karfe daban-daban ba, alal misali, ba za mu iya kwatanta bakin karfe da carbon mai rufi ba, saboda hanyoyin lalata na kayan biyu da aka yi amfani da su a cikin gwajin sun bambanta sosai, da kuma dangantaka tsakanin sakamakon gwajin da ainihin yanayin da samfurin zai ƙare ana amfani dashi ba iri ɗaya bane.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-06-2023