Bakin karfe za a iya samun ko'ina a cikin rayuwa, kuma akwai kowane nau'in samfuran da suke da wauta don bambance. Yau don raba muku labarin don bayyana maki ilimi a nan.
Bakin karfe shine raguwa na baƙin ƙarfe na acid-juriya, iska, tururi, ruwa mai rauni mai rauni ko kuma bakin karfe an san shi da bakin karfe; Kuma zai zama mai tsayayya wa kafofin watsa labaru masu lalata (acid, alkali, salts, da sauran haɓakar sunadarai) lalata ƙarfe na ƙarfe ana kiransu ƙarfe mai ɗumi.
Bakin karfe yana nufin iska, tururi, ruwa da sauran raunin da raunin kafofin watsa labarai na ƙarfe na ƙarfe, wanda kuma aka sani da baƙin ƙarfe mai ɗorewa. A aikace, sau da yawa rauni corrosive kafofin watsa labarai na lalata kafofin watsa labarai masu tsayayya da bakin karfe, da kuma masu kafofin watsa labarai na morros-resistant karfe mai tsayayya da acid. Saboda bambance-bambance a cikin tsarin sunadarai na biyu, tsohon ba zai iya jure wa lalacewar watsa labarai ba, yayin da karshen ba bakin baki ba. Kusan cikin bakin ciki na bakin karfe ya dogara da abubuwanda zasu biyo baya a cikin karfe.
Rarrabuwa ta kowa
Dangane da Kungiyar Metallury
Gabaɗaya, a cewar ƙungiyar ƙarfe, da bakin ƙarfe na yau da kullun sun kasu kashi uku. A kan asalin ƙungiyar yau da kullun na waɗannan rukunan guda uku, Sonning bakin ciki da 50% baƙin ƙarfe suna ɗauke da ƙimar buƙatu da kuma dalilai.
1. Ausenitic bakin karfe
Matrix don fuskantar-farfad ta crarc na kungiyar Austenitic (My Palin) ya mamaye shi ba magnetic, yafi ta hanyar aiki don sanya shi ya karfafa (kuma na iya haifar da wani matakin magnetism) na bakin karfe. Cibiyar Iron da Karfe Karfe zuwa 200 da 300 jerin alamomi na lambobi, kamar 304.
2. Ferritic bakin karfe
Matrix ga Jiki Cubic na Jiki na Ferrite na Ferrite na Ferrite (lokaci) yana da rinjaye, magnetic, gaba ɗaya ba zai iya sa ta ɗanɗana bakin karfe ba. Cibiyar Iron da Karfe Karfe zuwa 430 da 446 don lakabin.
3. Martensitic bakin karfe
Matrix shine kungiyar Martix (Cubic na tsakiya), Cubic), ta hanyar magani mai zafi na iya daidaita kadarorinta na bakin karfe. Cibiyar Iron da Karfe Karfe zuwa 410, 420, da kuma adadi 440 masu alama. Martence yana da ƙungiyar Austenitic a yanayin zafi, wanda za'a iya canzawa zuwa Martenstite (watau taurare) lokacin da aka sanyaya zuwa dakin da ya dace.
4. Austenitic wani ferrite (Duplex) Rubuta bakin karfe
Matrix yana da Austenitic da Ferentrika ƙungiya biyu, wanda abun ciki na karancin lokaci ya fi na bakin karfe, 329 shine Duplex bakin karfe. Idan aka kwatanta da Ausenitic bakin karfe, drlex karfe mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, juriya ga lalata lalata da cututtukan damuwa da kuma lalata cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan daji da kuma suna inganta.
5. Tashi hardening bakin karfe
Matrix shine Ausenitic ko Martentitic, kuma ana iya tsananta ta hanyar hadadden karfin gwiwa don sanya ya taurare bakin karfe. Cibiyar baƙin ƙarfe da ƙarfe zuwa cikin jerin sunayen dijital 600, kamar 630, wato, 17-4PH.
Gabaɗaya, ban da Allos, juriya na lalata na Austenitic ne, idan ana buƙatar mahimmin yanayin bakin karfe da hauhawar jini, zaku iya amfani da hanyar Martennitic bakin karfe da hazo da hardening bakin karfe.
Halaye da amfani
Tsarin tsari
Kauri bambanci
1. Domin injunan Mor niƙa a cikin tsari na morming, ana mai da rolls da kadan nakasa, wanda ya haifar da mirgine fitar da karkatar da farfadowa, gaba daya a tsakiyar bangarorin biyu na bakin ciki. Ta wajen auna kauri daga ka'idojin ka'idojin farantin na zamani ya kamata a auna su a tsakiyar kan farantin.
2. Dalilin haƙuri ya dogara ne akan kasuwa da buƙatun abokin ciniki, gaba daya ya kasu kashi manyan haƙuri.
V. Masana'antu, Bukatun Binciko
1. Farantin bututu
① spanided bututu mai gina jiki Butt na 100% ray mai hoto ko UT, matakin da ya cancanta: RT: ⅱ UT: ⅰ UT: ⅰ UT: ⅰ UT;
② Baya ga bakin karfe, spanid pipe farantin damuwa damuwa da taimako zafi;
Tube tube farantin rami gaba daya
Mafi karancin nisa na gadar rami: b = 1/2 (s - d) + c;
2. Tube akwatin magani mai zafi:
Carbon Karfe, Lowyоelloy karfe welded tare da rabon-kewayon ɓangaren buɗewar bututun mai, a cikin aikace-aikacen Welding don jiyya na zafi na silinda, flangar da kuma wani bangare na ciki ya kamata a sarrafa shi bayan maganin zafi.
3. Gwajin Matsayi
A lokacin da harsashi tsarin zane yana ƙasa da matsin lamba na bututu, don duba ingancin musayar zafi bututu da kuma tube farantin.
① Harafin shirin shirin Tell harsashi don ƙara matsin lamba na gwaji tare da gwajin ƙwayar cuta, don bincika ko zubar da ruwa na bututun bututun. (Duk da haka, ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa babban yanayin yanayin firam a lokacin gwajin hydraulic shine ≤0.3rellyly)
② Lokacin da hanyar da ke sama ba ta dace ba, harsashi na iya zama gwajin hydrosatic bisa ga matsin lamba bayan wucewa, sannan kuma harsashi don gwajin balmoniya.
Wani irin karfe ba shi da sauƙi tsatsa?
Akwai manyan dalilai guda uku da ke shafar tsinkayen bakin karfe:
1. "Abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwan da suka fi so. Gabaɗaya magana, abun ciki na chromium a cikin 10.5% karfe ba sauki don tsatsa ba. A mafi girma abun ciki na juriya na chromium da kuma abubuwan lalata nickel na nickel na rayuwa mai kyau, kamar abun ciki na Nickel na 85 ~ 20%, irin wannan 20%, irin wannan sinadarin ƙarfe a Janar ba tsatsa ba.
2. Tsarin tsarin masana'anta shima zai iya shafar juriya na lalata na bakin karfe. Fasaha mai narkewa mai kyau ne, kayan aiki, fasahar ci gaba, ana iya tabbatar da rashin haƙuri, don haka ingancin sanyaya, mai inganci, mara kyau ne don tsatsa. A akasin wannan, wasu ƙananan kayan shuka na baya, fasaha na baya, tsari na musanya, ba za a iya cire ƙazanta ba, samar da samfuran ba makawa ba makawa.
3. Yanayin waje. Yankin da aka bushe ba shi da sauƙi don tsatsa, yayin da iska mai zafi, ko iska mai ɗauke da acidity da alkalinity yana da sauƙin tsatsa. Karfe 304 Bakin Karfe Baƙi ba shi da talauci sosai kuma m.
Bakin karfe madrass aibas yadda za a magance?
1.
Tare da picking manna ko fesa don taimaka wa al'adar da ke tattare da samar da fim ɗin Ormanns, don cire dukkanin gurɓataccen ruwa, yana da matukar muhimmanci a aiwatar da madaidaiciyar kurkura da ruwa. Bayan an aiwatar da komai kuma an sake goge shi da kayan kwalliya, ana iya rufe shi da kakin zuma. Don za a iya amfani da ƙananan ƙwayoyin tsatsa guda na gida 1: 1 Petrol, cakuda mai tare da tsaftataccen yanki don share ɓarnar na iya zama.
2. Hanyoyin injin
Sandblesting tsabtatawa, tsaftacewa tare da gilashi ko barbashi na yumbu mai fashewa, gafara, gogewa da kuma polishing. Hanyoyin injiniya suna da damar shafe gurbata wanda aka haifar ta hanyar abubuwan da aka cire a baya a baya a baya a baya. Dukkanin cuta, musamman barbashi na ƙarfe na ƙarfe, na iya zama tushen lalata, musamman a cikin yanayin laima. Sabili da haka, saman da aka tsabtace inji ya kamata ya fi dacewa a raba shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin bushe. Amfani da hanyoyin injiniya kawai yana tsaftace farfajiya kuma baya canza juriya na juriya na kayan kanta. Sabili da haka, ana bada shawara don sake goge farfajiya tare da kayan kwalliyar kwalliya kuma rufe shi da kakin zuma da tsabtatawa na inji.
Kayan aikin da aka saba amfani da su na bakin karfe da kaddarorin
1.304 bakin karfe. Yana daya daga cikin bakin karfe bakin karfe tare da manyan aikace-aikace, dace da kayan aikin kayan aiki, da sauransu.
2.304L bakin karfe. Don magance tsinkayen Cr23C6 wanda 304 bakin karfe a wasu halaye akwai mummunan halin lalata na bakin karfe mai matukar mahimmanci fiye da 304 bakin karfe. Baya ga ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi, sauran kaddarorin tare da karfe 321 bakin karfe, galibi ana iya amfani da kayan aikin maganin cututtuka, ana iya amfani da su don kera nau'ikan kayan aiki iri-iri.
3.304H bakin karfe. 304 Bakin karfe na ciki na ciki, karar kwalba a cikin 0.04% ~ 0.10%, babban aikin zafin jiki ya fi karfe 304 bakin karfe.
4.316 bakin karfe. A cikin 10cr18ni12 karfe sun dogara da ƙari na Molybdenum, saboda ƙarfe yana da juriya don rage kafofin watsa labarai da kuma juriya lalata lalata. A cikin ruwan teku da sauran kafofin watsa labarai, juriya na lalata sun fi karfe 304 bakin karfe, galibi ana amfani da shi don kayan lalata.
5.316L bakin karfe. Ultrazara bakin ƙarfe, tare da kyakkyawan juriya ga lalata da ke cikin gida, wanda ya dace da masana'anta na lokacin farin ciki da kayan aiki, kamar kayan aiki na kayan masarufi a cikin kayan masarufi.
6.316H bakin karfe. Branch na ciki na 316 bakin karfe, carbon masara m taro na 0.04% -0.10%, babban aikin zafin jiki ya fi karfe 316 bakin karfe.
7.317 Bakin karfe. Poting Canceration juriya da creep juriya ya fi karfe 316l bakin karfe, wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen sarrafa kayan masarufi da kwayoyin halitta masu jure mawuyacin aiki.
8.321 Bakin Karfe. Titanium ya warware austenitic bakin karfe, ƙara titanium don inganta lalata lalata insication, kuma ana iya maye gurbin ta da matsanancin zazzabi mai ɗaci, ana iya maye gurbin ta da matsanancin carbon na ƙarfe. Baya ga high zazzabi ko hydrogen lalata juriya da sauran lokuta na musamman, ba a bada shawarar babban yanayin yanayin ba.
9.347 Bakin Karfe. 'Yan ruwa-saman-tsaftar austenitic bakin karfe, inzalius kara don inganta lalata ga acid, Alkali, gishiri da sauran filayen da aka yi amfani da shi a matsayin kayan masarufi, bututun mai, kamar su samar da kwantena, bututu, zafi Masu musayar, shaftar, kayan tafin masana'antu a cikin tube tube da kuma bututun murnan zafi da sanyio da sauransu.
10.904l bakin karfe. Super cikakken Austenitic bakin karfe, wani Super Austenitic bakin karfe da aka kirkira da kashi 0.0%, formomarancin lalata acid, kuma a lokaci guda yana da kyakkyawan juriya ga Grevice Corrosion da juriya ga danniya lalatattun danniya. Ya dace da daban-daban taro na sulfuric acid a ƙasa 70 ℃, kuma yana da kyawawan lalata lalata acid da acetic acid na kowane taro da kowane zazzabi a ƙarƙashin matsi na al'ada. Asalin assesb-625 ya danganta shi da allolin Nickel-tushen, da kuma sabon ma'auni na halayenta zuwa bakin karfe. Kasar Sin ne ke da darajan darajan karfe 015cro25, 'yan sammin masana'anta na Turai suna amfani da karar 9044 sily karfe 904l.
11.440C bakin karfe. Martensitic bakin karfe, Hardenable bakin karfe, bakin karfe a cikin mafi wuya, Hardness HRC57. Da yawa ana amfani da shi a cikin samar da Nozzles, bearings, bawuloli, bawules bawul, bawul na bawul, bawul ..
12.174PH. Haɓaka hazo doning bakin bakin karfe, tazanta HRC44, tare da babban ƙarfi, da wuya da juriya na lalataiyoyi, ba za a yi amfani da su don yanayin zafi sama da 300 ℃. Yana da juriya juriya ga acid din a atmospheric da tsarcin acid ko silts, da blades, spools, seat na bawul.
In the instrumentation profession, combined with the generality and cost issues, the conventional austenitic stainless steel selection order is 304-304L-316-316L-317-321-347-904L stainless steel, of which 317 is less commonly used, 321 is not recommended, 347 is used for high-temperature corrosion, 904L is only the default material of some components of individual manufacturers, the design will not generally A dauki matakin zabi 904L.
In the instrumentation design selection, there will usually be instrumentation materials and pipe materials are different occasions, especially in high-temperature conditions, we must pay special attention to the selection of instrumentation materials to meet the process equipment or pipeline design temperature and design pressure, such as high-temperature chrome molybdenum steel pipeline, while the instrumentation to choose a stainless steel, then it is very likely to be a problem, you must go to consult the relevant material temperature and pressure ma'auni.
A cikin zaɓin ƙirar ƙirar, sau da yawa sun ci karo da tsarin da yawa daban-daban, jerin, zazzabi, matsin lamba da farashi da sauran ra'ayoyi.
Lokaci: Oct-11-2023