Maganin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarfe: Bayani mai zurfi


  1. Manufar Rubutun Kaya

Rufe saman waje na bututun ƙarfe yana da mahimmanci don hana tsatsa.Tsatsa a saman bututun ƙarfe na iya tasiri sosai ga ayyukansu, inganci, da bayyanarsu na gani.Saboda haka, tsarin sutura yana da tasiri mai yawa akan ingancin samfuran bututun ƙarfe gabaɗaya.

  1. Abubuwan Bukatun Rufi

Kamar yadda ma'auni da Cibiyar Man Fetur ta Amurka ta gindaya, ya kamata bututun ƙarfe ya yi tsayayya da lalata aƙalla watanni uku.Koyaya, buƙatun tsawon lokacin rigakafin tsatsa ya ƙaru, tare da masu amfani da yawa suna buƙatar juriya na watanni 3 zuwa 6 a cikin yanayin ajiya na waje.Baya ga abin da ake buƙata na tsawon rai, masu amfani suna tsammanin sutura don kula da ƙasa mai santsi, har ma da rarraba abubuwan hana lalata ba tare da wani tsalle-tsalle ko ɗigo wanda zai iya shafar ingancin gani ba.

karfe bututu
  1. Nau'in Kayayyakin Rufi da Ribobi da Amfaninsu

A cikin hanyoyin sadarwar bututun karkashin kasa,bututun karfeAna ƙara amfani da su don jigilar iskar gas, mai, ruwa, da sauransu.Rubutun waɗannan bututu sun samo asali daga kayan kwalta na gargajiya zuwa guduro polyethylene da kayan guduro epoxy.An fara amfani da suturar resin polyethylene a cikin 1980s, kuma tare da aikace-aikace daban-daban, abubuwan da aka gyara da tsarin sutura sun ga ci gaba a hankali.

3.1 Rufin Kwalta na Man Fetur

Rufe kwalta na man fetur, wani nau'i na gargajiya na rigakafin lalata, ya ƙunshi yadudduka na kwalta na man fetur, ƙarfafa da zanen fiberglass da kuma fim din polyvinyl chloride mai kariya na waje.Yana ba da kyakkyawan kariya ta ruwa, mannewa mai kyau zuwa saman daban-daban, da ƙimar farashi.Duk da haka, yana da koma baya ciki har da mai sauƙi ga canje-canjen zafin jiki, zama mai rauni a cikin ƙananan yanayin zafi, da kasancewa mai saurin tsufa da tsagewa, musamman a yanayin ƙasa mai dutse, yana buƙatar ƙarin matakan kariya da ƙarin farashi.

 

3.2 Coal Tar Epoxy Coating

Kwal kwal epoxy, wanda aka yi daga epoxy resin da kwalta kwalta, yana nuna kyakkyawan ruwa da juriya na sinadarai, juriyar lalata, mannewa mai kyau, ƙarfin injina, da kaddarorin rufewa.Koyaya, yana buƙatar lokaci mai tsawo na warkewa bayan aikace-aikacen, yana mai da shi mai saurin kamuwa da illa daga yanayin yanayi a wannan lokacin.Bugu da ƙari, nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da ake amfani da su a cikin wannan tsarin sutura suna buƙatar ajiya na musamman, haɓaka farashi.

 

3.3 Ruwan Foda na Epoxy

Epoxy foda shafi, wanda aka gabatar a cikin 1960s, ya ƙunshi electrostatically fesa foda a kan pre-biyya da pre-mai tsanani bututu saman, forming wani m anti-lalata Layer.Amfaninsa sun haɗa da kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi (-60 ° C zuwa 100 ° C), mannewa mai ƙarfi, juriya mai kyau ga rushewar cathodic, tasiri, sassauci, da lalata walda.Duk da haka, fim ɗinsa na bakin ciki ya sa ya zama mai saukin kamuwa da lalacewa kuma yana buƙatar ingantattun dabarun samarwa da kayan aiki, yana haifar da ƙalubale a aikace-aikacen filin.Yayin da ya yi fice a fannoni da yawa, ya ragu kaɗan idan aka kwatanta da polyethylene dangane da juriya na zafi da kariyar lalata gabaɗaya.

 

3.4 Polyethylene Anti-lalata Shafi

Polyethylene yana ba da kyakkyawan juriya mai tasiri da tsayin daka tare da kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi.Yana samun amfani mai yawa a yankuna masu sanyi kamar Rasha da Yammacin Turai don bututun mai saboda mafi girman sassauci da juriya mai tasiri, musamman a ƙananan yanayin zafi.Duk da haka, ƙalubalen sun kasance a cikin aikace-aikacensa akan manyan bututun diamita, inda damuwa na iya faruwa, kuma shigar da ruwa zai iya haifar da lalacewa a ƙarƙashin rufin, yana buƙatar ƙarin bincike da inganta kayan aiki da fasaha.

 

3.5 Nauyin Rufe Lalacewa

Maɗaukakin kayan daɗaɗɗa masu nauyi suna ba da ingantaccen juriya na lalata idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun sutura.Suna nuna tasiri na dogon lokaci ko da a cikin yanayi mai wuyar gaske, tare da tsawon rayuwar da ya wuce shekaru 10 zuwa 15 a cikin sinadarai, ruwa, da mahalli masu ƙarfi, kuma sama da shekaru 5 a cikin yanayin acidic, alkaline, ko saline.Wadannan sutura yawanci suna da kaurin fim ɗin busassun daga 200μm zuwa 2000μm, yana tabbatar da ingantaccen kariya da karko.Ana amfani da su sosai a cikin tsarin ruwa, kayan aikin sinadarai, tankunan ajiya, da bututun mai.

BUBUWAN KARFE MAI SAUKI
  1. Matsalolin gama gari tare da Kayayyakin Rufi

Batutuwa na yau da kullun tare da sutura sun haɗa da aikace-aikacen da ba daidai ba, ɗigon abubuwan hana lalata, da samuwar kumfa.

(1) Rufe mara daidaituwa: Rarraba rashin daidaituwa na abubuwan da ke hana lalatawa a saman bututu yana haifar da wuraren da ke da kauri mai yawa, wanda ke haifar da lalacewa, yayin da bakin ciki ko wuraren da ba a rufe su suna rage ƙarfin hana lalata bututun.

(2) Zubar da abubuwan hana lalata: Wannan al'amari, inda magungunan hana lalata suka yi kama da ɗigon ruwa a saman bututu, yana tasiri ga kayan ado yayin da ba ya shafar juriya na lalata kai tsaye.

(3) Samar da kumfa: Iskar da aka makale a cikin wakili na hana lalata yayin aikace-aikacen yana haifar da kumfa a saman bututu, yana shafar yanayin bayyanar da tasiri.

  1. Binciken Abubuwan Ingantattun Rufi

Kowace matsala tana tasowa ne daga dalilai iri-iri, ana haifar da su ta hanyoyi da dama;da tarin bututun karfe da aka nuna ta hanyar ingancin matsalar na iya kasancewa hade da yawa.Abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin daidaituwa za a iya raba su kusan kashi biyu, ɗaya shine rashin daidaituwa da ke haifar da fesa bayan bututun ƙarfe ya shiga cikin akwati;na biyu shi ne rashin daidaituwar al'amura da rashin feshi ke haifarwa.

Dalili na farko sabon abu ne a fili sauki gani, to shafi kayan aiki a lokacin da karfe bututu a cikin shafi akwatin a 360 ° a kusa da jimlar 6 bindigogi (casing line yana 12 bindigogi) ga spraying.Idan kowane bindigar da aka fesa daga girman magudanar ya bambanta, to, hakan zai haifar da rashin daidaituwar rarraba wakili na anticorrosive a cikin sassa daban-daban na bututun ƙarfe.

Dalili na biyu shi ne, akwai wasu dalilai na rashin daidaituwar abin rufe fuska banda abin feshi.Akwai nau'ikan dalilai da yawa, kamar bututun ƙarfe mai shigowa tsatsa, rashin ƙarfi, don haka rufin yana da wahala a rarraba daidai gwargwado;karfe bututu surface yana da wani ruwa matsa lamba ma'auni bar baya a lokacin da emulsion, wannan lokaci ga shafi saboda lamba tare da emulsion, sabõda haka, preservative da wuya a hašawa da surface na karfe bututu, sabõda haka, babu wani shafi na. sassan bututun ƙarfe na emulsion, wanda ke haifar da shafi duk bututun ƙarfe ba daidai bane.

(1) Dalilin anticorrosive wakili rataye saukad.Bangaren bututun karfe yana da zagaye, duk lokacin da aka fesa maganin da ake feshewa a saman bututun karfe, maganin anticorrosive na sama da gefen zai gangara zuwa sashin ƙasa saboda yanayin nauyi, wanda hakan zai haifar da rashin ƙarfi. zai haifar da sabon abu na raguwar rataye.Abu mai kyau shi ne cewa akwai na'urorin tanda a cikin layin samar da sutura na masana'antar bututun ƙarfe, wanda zai iya zafi da ƙarfafa maganin anticorrosive da aka fesa a saman bututun ƙarfe a cikin lokaci kuma ya rage yawan ruwa na maganin anticorrosive.Duk da haka, idan danko na anticorrosive wakili ba shi da yawa;babu dumama lokaci bayan fesa;ko zafin jiki mai zafi ba shi da yawa;bututun ƙarfe ba ya cikin yanayin aiki mai kyau, da dai sauransu zai haifar da digo na anticorrosive rataye.

(2) Abubuwan da ke haifar da kumfa mai cutarwa.Saboda yanayin wurin aiki na zafi na iska, tarwatsewar fenti ya wuce kima, raguwar yanayin zafin jiki zai haifar da sabon abu mai kumfa.Yanayin zafi na iska, ƙananan yanayin zafi, abubuwan da aka fesa daga cikin waɗanda aka tarwatsa zuwa ƙananan ɗigon ruwa, zai haifar da raguwar zafin jiki.Ruwan da ke cikin iska tare da zafi mai yawa bayan raguwar zafin jiki zai taso don samar da ɗigon ruwa mai kyau gauraye da abin da ake kiyayewa, kuma a ƙarshe ya shiga cikin murfin, wanda ya haifar da abin rufe fuska.


Lokacin aikawa: Dec-15-2023