Takaitaccen Bayani
Samfuri:3.5% bututun ƙarfe mara zazzaɓin nickel mai ƙarancin zafi – ASTM A334 Grade 3 (UNS K12021 / 3.5Ni), an yi masa fenti mai sanyi, an daidaita shi kuma an sanyaya shi da iska don bututun ƙarfe na carbon da ƙarfe masu laushi waɗanda aka yi niyya don amfani a ƙananan yanayin zafi.
Bayanin Takaitaccen Samfurin:Womic Steel Group ta kafa ƙarfin samar da kayayyaki masu girma don ƙananan bututun 3.5Ni masu tsayi da tsayi - waɗanda suka ƙunshi tsawon 25mm OD x 2mm WT x 22m - sun cika buƙatun ƙarfin ASTM A334 Grade 3 na ƙarancin zafin jiki har zuwa -101°C. Wannan layin samarwa yana magance dogaro da tarihi kan shigo da kayayyaki don ƙananan bututun 3.5Ni masu tsayi da diamita. Karfe mai nauyin 3.5% na nickel yana ba da kyakkyawan ƙarfi da juriya a yanayin zafi mai ƙasa da -150°F (-101°C), wanda hakan ya sanya shi muhimmin abu ga tashoshin LNG, na'urorin busar da ethylene, masana'antun raba iska, da ayyukan polar.
Diamita na waje daga 10mm zuwa 610mm (wanda aka yi birgima da zafi), kauri na bango daga 1.5mm zuwa 25.4mm, tsayi ɗaya har zuwa mita 24. Matsakaicin OD mai jan hankali: 6mm zuwa 89mm, tare da juriya mai tsauri kamar ±0.10mm.
Ya ƙunshi kimanin kashi 3.5% na nickel, tare da ƙaramin sinadarin carbon, mai yawan nickel don ƙara ƙarfin juriyar ƙarancin zafin jiki da kuma hana ɓullar ƙarancin zafin jiki a -101°C. Tsarin da aka saba amfani da shi: C ≤0.19%, Mn 0.31-0.64%, Si 0.18-0.37%, Ni 3.18-3.82%, P ≤0.025%, S ≤0.025%.
An sanya 3.5Ni (ASTM A334 Grade 3) tsakanin ƙarfe mai ƙarancin zafin jiki Grade 6 (-45°C) da ƙarfe mai ƙarfin Ni 9% Grade 8 (-196°C). Yana aiki a matsayin mafita mafi inganci ga kewayon sabis na -50°C zuwa -101°C.
Ya yi daidai da ASTM A334/A334M, ASME SA334, ASTM A333/A333M Grade 3, da kuma ASTM/ASME, PED, da NACE MR0175 (idan an buƙata).
bututun taimako na tashoshin karɓar LNG, na'urorin PDH (Propane Dehydrogenation), busassun ethylene, na'urorin rabuwar iska, da tsarin bututun dandamali na ƙasashen waje don yankunan polar.
Ƙungiyar Womic Steelƙwararren mai kera ne kuma mai fitar da bututun da ba su da zafi sosai, bututun da suka dace da ƙananan diamita, da bututun da ba su da tsayi sosai a duniya. Tare da ƙwarewar zane-zanen sanyi sama da shekaru 20, yanzu ana samun ayyukanmu na bututun 3.5Ni marasa sumul don -101°C don yin oda mai yawa. Takaddun shaida na injin niƙa, gwajin ultrasonic da hydrostatic 100%, gano kayan da suka dace, da rahotannin dubawa masu girma tare da bin diddigin zafi ɗaya. An karɓi dubawa na ɓangare na uku (SGS/BV/DNV/TÜV). Farashi mai gasa da isarwa cikin sauri.
Sashe na 1: Bayani - Me yasa bututun 3.5Ni marasa sumul a -101°C?
Tun daga shekarun 1930, lokacin da Amurka ta fara ƙirƙiro ƙarfe mai nauyin 3.5% na nickel don samar da ƙarancin zafi (wanda aka daidaita shi a ƙarƙashin ASTM A334/A334M da A333/A333M), Turai da Japan suma sun ƙirƙiro nasu nau'ikan ƙarfe na 3.5Ni. Waɗannan kayan sun yi amfani da su sosai wajen yin busassun ethylene, jigilar LPG/LNG, masana'antun taki, sarrafa roba, da masana'antar gas ta kwal.
Karfe 3.5Ni ƙarfe ne mai ƙarancin carbon, mai yawan nickel mai ƙarancin ƙarfe, tare da abun ciki na nickel (Ni) na kimanin kashi 3.5%. Ta hanyar daidaita ko daidaita da kuma daidaita zafi, yana samar da ingantaccen tsari na ferrite + bainite da kuma kyakkyawan juriyar tasirin ƙananan zafin jiki. Abu ne da aka sani a duniya, wanda ake amfani da shi don tasoshin matsin lamba da tsarin bututu a cikin yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin -101°C.
A ƙasar Sin, faranti da kayan ƙarfe na ƙarfe 3.5Ni sun sami ci gaba mai inganci da kuma ingantaccen samarwa a masana'antu tsawon shekaru da yawa, wanda hakan ya nuna kyakkyawan aiki na fasaha da kuma ingancin farashi. Duk da haka, bututun da ba su da matsala - musamman ƙananan diamita, bututun 3.5Ni masu tsayi - ba su da isasshen wadata.
Domin cike wannan gibin a masana'antar, Womic Steel ta kafa wani layin samarwa na musamman ta hanyar amfani da ƙwarewarta a fannin kera bututun da ba su da zafi sosai, samar da daidaiton ƙananan diamita, da kuma fasahar zana bututun mai tsawon lokaci. Bayan haɓaka tsari mai tsari da kuma tabbatar da tsari mai tsari da yawa, bututun mu masu tsawon 25mm OD x 2mm WT x 22m mai tsawon 3.5Ni sun shiga samar da kayayyaki da yawa, inda aka kawo rukunin farko a watan Afrilu ga wani babban kamfanin kera kayan aiki na cikin gida. Za a yi amfani da bututun a wani aikin Arctic Circle na Rasha.
Gwaje-gwajen da aka amince da su a ƙasa sun tabbatar da cewa duk manyan alamun aiki - gami da -101°C ƙarancin zafin jiki na Charpy, halayen juriyar ɗaki da zafin jiki, daidaiton girma, da kuma ƙarewar saman - sun cika buƙatun ASTM A334 Grade 3 gaba ɗaya kuma sun yi daidai da matakan ci gaba na duniya.
Sashe na 2: Binciken Maki na Kwatantawa - Zaɓar Karfe Mai Ƙananan Zafi Mai Dacewa
Bututun ƙarfe masu ƙarfi marasa shinge don yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi galibi sun haɗa da ASTM A333/A334 Aji na 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, da 11. Daga cikinsu, Aji na 3, 4, 7, da 8 sune aka fi ƙayyadewa don matsakaicin da matsakaicin matsakaicin zafi mai tsanani. Zaɓin kayan da ya dace ya dogara da mafi ƙarancin zafin sabis da ake buƙata, matsin lamba na ƙira, da kasafin kuɗi.
Teburin da ke ƙasa yana ba da cikakken kwatancen manyan ma'aunin ƙarfe masu ƙarancin zafin jiki, gami da ƙimar zafin da suka dace, halayen injiniya (ƙarfin juriya da yawan amfanin ƙasa), da mahimman aikace-aikace. Wannan kwatancen zai taimaka wajen fayyace matsayin kasuwa na ƙarfe 3.5Ni (ASTM A334 Grade 3) idan aka kwatanta da kayan da aka maye gurbinsu.
Tebur: Kwatanta Ƙarancin Zafin Karfe na ASTM A333/A334
| Nadin Maki | Ƙaramin Yanayin Sabis | Abubuwan da ke ciki na Ni | Ƙarfin Tauri (minti) | Ƙarfin Yawa (minti) | Ƙarawa | Nau'i & Aikace-aikacen Maɓalli |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aji na 6 | -45°C (-50°F) | ≤0.5% | ≥415 MPa | ≥240 MPa | ≥30% | Karfe Mai ƙarancin Carbon Manganese. Mafi yawan amfani kuma mai araha. Maganin ruwa, sanyaya jiki gabaɗaya, bututun bututun iska mai sanyi. |
| Aji na 3 (3.5Ni) | -101°C (-150°F) | 3.18-3.82% | ≥450 MPa | ≥240 MPa | ≥30% (L) / ≥20% (T) | Karfe 3.5% na Nickel. Yana da inganci mai kyau daga -50°C zuwa -101°C. Raka'o'in PDH, shuke-shuken ethylene, raka'o'in raba iska, bututun Arctic. |
| Aji na 4 | -101°C (-150°F) | ≤0.5% | ≥415 MPa | ≥240 MPa | ≥30% | Karfe Mai Kashewa. Tsarin matrix yana ɗauke da ƙaramin adadin ferrite. Ƙarfin tauri mai ƙarancin zafi idan aka kwatanta da 3.5Ni. |
| Aji na 7 | -73°C (-100°F) | 2.0-2.5% | ≥450 MPa | ≥240 MPa | ≥30% | Karfe 2.5% na Nickel. Zaɓin matsakaici tsakanin aji 6 da aji 3. |
| Aji na 8 (9Ni) | -196°C (-320°F) | 8.4-9.6% | ≥690 MPa | ≥515 MPa | ≥22% | Karfe 9% na Nickel. Kyakkyawan tauri mai ƙarancin zafin jiki. Babban bututun LNG (-162°C). |
| Aji na 11 (Babban Tauri) | -196°C. Kama da Gr.8 | Kama da Gr.8 | Kama da Gr.8 | Kama da Gr.8 | Kama da Gr.8 | An ƙera shi da ƙarfe mai inganci, wanda ake amfani da shi don mahimman abubuwan da ke da ƙarancin zafin jiki. |
Sashe na 3: Haɗaɗɗen Sinadarai - Mahimmancin Kulawa don Daidaita ASTM A334 Aji na 3
Ta hanyar amfani da ƙwarewar da ta dace da faranti na ƙarfe 3.5Ni da kuma samar da bututun da ba su da matsala, Womic Steel ta kafa jerin sinadarai masu ƙarfi musamman don tsarin bututun da ke jan ƙaramin diamita mai sanyi. Wannan yana tabbatar da ƙarfin ƙarancin zafin jiki yayin da yake riƙe da ingantaccen aikin kera zanen sanyi.
| Sinadarin | ASTM A334 Gr.3 (Matsakaicin Bukata) | Tsarin Zane na Womic Karfe | Binciken Ladle na Womic Steel |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤0.19% | 0.06 – 0.09% | 0.07% |
| Silikon (Si) | 0.18 – 0.37% | 0.18 – 0.33% | 0.24% |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.31 – 0.64% | 0.45 – 0.60% | 0.51% |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.025% | ≤0.010% | 0.004% |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.025% | ≤0.005% | 0.001% |
| Nickel (Ni) | 3.18 – 3.82% | 3.30 – 3.70% | 3.40% |
*Haɗin ƙarancin sinadarin carbon (C ≤0.19%), phosphorus mai ƙarancin sinadarin phosphorus da sulfur (P ≤0.025%, S ≤0.025%), da kuma ƙarin nickel na 3.18-3.82% daidai yana kawar da haɗarin ƙin zafi a -101°C, yayin da yake cika buƙatun sinadarai da na injiniya na ASTM A334 Gr.3 da kuma tabbatar da kyakkyawan aiki a lokacin aikin zane.*
Sashe na 4: Kayayyakin Inji - An Tabbatar da bin ƙa'idodin ASTM A334 na Mataki na 3
An gwada ƙa'idodin injina a kan bututun uwa (cikakken kauri na bango) da kuma bututun da aka gama (fuskar) bayan an yi amfani da shi wajen magance zafi iri ɗaya, tare da ɗaukar samfuran daga rukunin samarwa na yau da kullun.
Halayen Tashin Hankali na Zafin Ɗaki
| Kadara | Bukatar ASTM A334 Gr.3 | Womic Steel Really (Samarwa akai-akai) |
|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin Yawa (kashi 0.2%) | ≥240 MPa | 330 – 360 MPa |
| Ƙarfin Taurin Kai | ≥450 MPa | 520 – 550 MPa |
| Tsawo (tsawo) | ≥30% | 32 – 36% |
| Ƙarawa (juyawa) | ≥20% | 26 – 30% |
| Taurin kai (HB) | ≤190 | 160 – 175 |
Tsarin Metallographic
Bayan daidaita yanayin zafi a ≥845°C sannan aka sanyaya iska, bututun da aka gama ya nuna kyakkyawan tsari na ferrite + bainite tare da ƙimar girman hatsi na kimanin ASTM No. 10 (hatsi mai inganci sosai), wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga ƙarfin ƙarancin zafin jiki.
-101°C Ƙarfin Tasirin Charpy
Saboda gwajin tasirin kai tsaye na bututun sirara da aka gama (25x2mm) ba zai yiwu ba bisa ga ka'idojin yau da kullun (samfurin ya yi ƙanƙanta sosai), Womic Steel ta ɗauki samfuran bututun uwa na lambar zafi iri ɗaya, ta yi musu maganin zafi iri ɗaya kamar bututun da aka gama, sannan ta yi musu injinan ƙera su zuwa ƙananan samfuran Charpy V-notch 2.5x10x55mm. Daga nan aka gudanar da gwajin tasirin a ƙaramin zafin jiki na -117°C, wanda ya wuce buƙatun ƙira na -101°C, don nuna isasshen iyaka na aminci.
| Zafin Gwaji | Samfuri na 1 | Samfuri na 2 | Samfuri na 3 | Bukatar ASTM (ƙananan girman 2.5mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -117°C | 32J | 33J | 35J | Matsakaicin matsakaici ≥5J; guda ɗaya ≥4J |
Sakamakon gwajin tasirin ya wuce ƙa'idodin ASTM mafi ƙaranci, yana nuna ƙarfin kayan a yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi tare da babban gefen aminci fiye da zafin sabis na -101°C.
Sashe na 5: Tsarin Kera - Zane-zanen Sanyi Mai Girma da Maganin Zafi ga Ƙananan Bututu Masu Tsawon Diamita
Womic Steel tana samar da bututun ƙarfe marasa zafi mai ƙarancin zafi 3.5Ni ta amfani da hanyar masana'antu mai cikakken inganci musamman don samfuran ƙarewa na ƙananan diamita, tsayi, da tsayi:
- Narkewar Tanderu Mai Lantarki + Rage Ladle + Rage Gashin Injin:Yana tabbatar da ƙarancin sinadarin hydrogen, oxygen, da nitrogen sosai, da kuma ƙarancin sarrafa sinadarai (P ≤0.005%, S ≤0.001%).
- Ci gaba da Fitar da Fure + Bugawa Mai Kyau:Yana samar da ramukan bututu masu inganci a saman tare da kyakkyawan ingancin ciki.
- Sokin Zafi (Sokin Giciye):Ana dumama billets a cikin tanderun tafiya kuma ana huda su cikin manyan harsashin bango a yanayin zafi mai kyau; ana rage rashin daidaituwa.
- Yin Pilgering na Sanyi / Zane na Sanyi– Wucewa da yawa (tare da matsakaicin annealing): Wannan shine babban tsari don cimma bututu masu tsayi sosai. Ga girman ƙarshe na 25x2mm, tsarin yawanci yana buƙatar wucewar zane mai sanyi guda uku da aka sarrafa daidai, tare da kowane wucewar aiki yana taurare kayan. Tsakanin wucewar, bututun suna yin annealing matsakaici don dawo da danshi da hana tsagewar aiki.
- Maganin Shafawa (Daidaita):Ana yin sa a cikin tanda mai sarrafawa a ≥845°C, sannan a sanyaya iska don rage matsin lamba a cikin aiki mai sanyi da kuma inganta tsarin.
- Daidaitawa:Daidaita madaidaiciyar nadi yana tabbatar da jure wa madaidaiciyar ≤1.5mm a kowace mita.
- Yankewa zuwa Tsawon da Ƙarshen Kammalawa:Yanka masu yankewa suna samun daidaito sosai; ana cire ƙarshen ko kuma a yanke shi kamar yadda ake buƙata.
- Gwajin Hydrostatic 100%, da Alamar NDT:Ana gwada kowace bututu ta hanyar ultrasonic, ana gwada eddy current, kuma ana gwada matsin lamba kafin a buga shi da ƙarancin damuwa.
- An cimma girman ƙarshe:24.96 – 25.05mm OD × 2.04 – 2.16mm WT × tsawon mita 22. Rashin kyawun yanayin saman ID da OD ≤1.4μm Ra, ya cika ingancin bututun musayar zafi na Grade 1 bisa ga NB/T 47019.1-2021 (ƙarewar saman sub micrometer).
Sashe na 6: Kula da Inganci da Gwaji - Cikakken Tabbatar da Aiki
Ana gwada kowace ƙungiyar samar da bututun 3.5Ni masu ƙarancin zafin jiki bisa ga ƙa'idodin ASTM A334/A334M:2021.
Takaddun shaida:Takardar shaidar gwajin injin niƙa bisa ga EN 10204 Nau'in 3.1. Nau'in 3.2 tare da shaida na ɓangare na uku (SGS/BV/DNV/TÜV) yana samuwa idan an buƙata.
Daidaito tsakanin tsari zuwa tsari:Womic Steel tana da cikakken bayani game da kowace lambar zafi da kuma kowace rukuni, tana tabbatar da cikakken gano duk wani bututun da aka gama.
Sashe na 7: Aikace-aikace - Inda 3.5Ni ASTM A334 Grade 3 Tubes Excel
An ƙera bututun 3.5Ni masu ƙarancin zafin jiki marasa sumul don ingantaccen aiki na dogon lokaci a cikin kewayon sabis na -45°C zuwa -101°C, wanda ke cike gibin da ke tsakanin kayan aji na 6 na yau da kullun da kayan aji na 9% Ni masu tsada.
Bututun 3.5Ni yana aiki a matsayin mafi kyawun zaɓi na kayan aiki don kewayon zafin jiki tsakanin -50°C (Mataki na 6) da -196°C (Mataki na 9% Ni Grade 8), wanda hakan ya sa ya zama mafita mafi dacewa ga yawancin aikace-aikacen ƙananan zafin jiki na petrochemical.
Sashe na 8: Me Yasa Za A Zabi Karfe Mai Kauri Don Bututun Zafi Mai Sauƙi Na 3.5Ni?
Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQ)
Tuntuɓi Womic Steel
Don tambayoyi, tallafin fasaha, ko don neman ƙiyasin takamaiman buƙatun bututun zafin jiki na 3.5Ni a ƙarƙashin ASTM A334 Grade 3 (ko wasu matakan zafin jiki masu ƙarancin yawa), da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu kai tsaye.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-24-2026