Bututun ƙarfe na T91+Alloy 28 na ƙarfe | Babban Zafi + Bututun da ke jure tsatsa - Hoton da aka nuna na ƙarfe

Bututun T91+Alloy 28 na ƙarfe mai ɗaure da ƙarfe | Babban Zafi + Bututun da ke jure tsatsa - Bakin ƙarfe

Takaitaccen Bayani:

Bututun T91+Alloy 28 mai ɗaure da ƙarfe mara shinge. T91 na waje (X10CrMoVNb9-1) yana ba da ƙarfin rarrafe har zuwa 650°C; Alloy na ciki 28 (UNS N08028) yana tsayayya da yawan chlorides, sulfuric/phosphoric acid, da yanayi mai tsami. An yi shi da simintin centrifugal + extrusion mai zafi - cikakke ba tare da sumul ba, babu walda mai tsayi. Ya dace da bututun zafi mai zafi, tukunyar zafi mai sharar gida, masu musayar zafi mai zafi mai zafi.

Aika mana imel Bayanin Samfura

Cikakken Bayani game da Samfurin

Alamun Samfura

Waje (Baya)

Waje (Baya):T91 (X10CrMoVNb9-1 / 1.4903 / A213 T91) - ƙarfe mai jure wa iska mai ƙarfi, matsakaicin sabis na 650°C

Ciki (Rufewa):Alloy 28 (UNS N08028 / 1.4563 / Sandvik 28) - high Cr/Ni/Mo/Cu austenitic gami, PREN 38-40

Girman Girma:OD 38mm – 168mm; Kauri daga bangon waje 4mm – 15mm; Kauri daga rufi 1.8mm – 3.5mm; Tsawonsa ɗaya har zuwa mita 15

Tsarin aiki:Simintin centrifugal + extrusion mai zafi - ƙarfin yanke ƙarfe ≥300 MPa

Ma'auni:ASTM A213 (T91), API 5LD (bututu mai rufi), NACE MR0175, PED 2014/68/EU

Aikace-aikace:Na'urorin dumama/masu sake dumama tukunyar jirgi masu matuƙar tsanani, na'urorin dawo da zafi na sharar gida (shuke-shuken acid na sulfuric), na'urorin musanya zafi mai zafi don hydrocarbons masu chlorine, biomass/na'urorin dumama-zuwa-makamashi

1. Bayani – Dalilin da yasa bututun T91+Alloy 28 Clad

Sau da yawa aikin zafi mai yawa yakan haifar da matsala: abu mai ƙarfi wanda zai iya tsira daga rarrafe (kamar T91) yana lalacewa a cikin iskar gas mai ƙarfi ko kwararar sarrafawa; ƙarfe mai jure tsatsa (kamar Alloy 28) ba shi da ƙarfin zafin jiki mai yawa kuma yana da tsada sosai.

Bututun T91+Alloy 28 mai rufi da ƙarfeyana warware wannan ta hanyar raba ayyuka:

lT91 na wajeyana fuskantar yanayin zafi mai yawa (misali, iskar gas mai zafi a 600-650°C) kuma yana ba da ƙarfin fashewa mai rarrafe.

lAlloy na Ciki 28yana sarrafa ruwan da ke lalata muhalli (misali, acid condensate, chlorides) a saman ciki.

Haɗin shinebabu matsala- babu dinkin walda mai tsayi - godiya ga tsarin simintin centrifugal da kuma tsarin fitar da zafi. Wannan yana kawar da mafi raunin wurin da ake samu a cikin bututun da aka lulluɓe da walda.

Tsarin da aka saba amfani da shi inda T91+Alloy 28 ya yi fice:

Saita	Gefen waje	Gefen ciki	Misali
Babban injin hita na tukunya	Iskar gas (650°C, mai hana iskar oxygen)	Tururi (450 550°C, tsantsa)	T91 yana tsayayya da iskar shaka ta waje; Ba a buƙatar Alloy 28 ba? A zahiri ɓangaren tururi ba ya buƙatar ƙarfe na musamman. Misali mafi kyau:Mai musayar zafi inda ruwa mai lalata ke gudana a ciki– T91 a waje yana ɗaukar zafi mai yawa na iskar gas; Alloy 28 a ciki yana tsayayya da tsatsa.
Amfanin da aka saba da shi daidai:Bututu a cikin tukunyar zafi ta sharar gida da ke ƙasa da shukar sulfuric acid - mai zafi (~500°C) SO₂/SO₃ iskar gas a waje (T91 yana sarrafa crop), diluted acid na iya taruwa a ciki yayin da ake harbawa (Alloy 28 resists). Haka kuma ana amfani da shi a cikintukunyar biomassinda chlorine a cikin iskar gas mai fitar da iska ke haifar da tsatsa mai zafi - Alloy 28 an yi amfani da shi azaman layin ciki? Ya fi kyau a sanya rufin a gefen wuta. Amma ƙirarmu tana sanya rufin ciki, yana komawa waje. Bari mu sake tsara shi: Ana iya daidaita bututun da aka rufe ta kowace hanya. Womic na iya samar da CRA akan ID (don tsatsa ta ciki) ko akan OD (don tsatsa ta waje). Ana samar da T91+Alloy 28 yawanci tare daAlloy 28 akan IDda kuma T91 akan OD.

Don ƙarin haske:T91 na waje (OD) yana ba da ƙarfin matsi da juriya ga rarrafe; Alloy 28 na ciki (ID) yana tsayayya da tsatsa daga ruwan aikin.Idan tsatsa ta waje ita ce matsalar, za mu iya juya layukan.

2. Bayanin Kayan Aiki

2.1 Haɗin Sinadarai (Na yau da kullun, %)

Sinadarin	T91 (Na waje)	Na'urar haɗa ƙarfe 28 (Ciki)
Carbon (C)	0.08–0.12	≤0.03
Silikon (Si)	0.20–0.50	≤0.50
Manganese (Mn)	0.30–0.60	≤2.00
Phosphorus (P)	≤0.020	≤0.030
Sulfur (S)	≤0.010	≤0.015
Chromium (Cr)	8.0–9.5	26.0–28.0
Nickel (Ni)	≤0.40	29.0–32.0
Molybdenum (Mo)	0.85–1.05	3.0–4.0
Tagulla (Cu)	—	0.6–1.4
Vanadium (V)	0.18–0.25	—
Niobium (Nb)	0.06–0.10	—
Nitrogen (N)	0.03–0.07	—

2.2 Halayen Inji (Zafin Ɗaki)

Kadara	T91	Gami 28
Ƙarfin Yawa (min, MPa)	415	220
Ƙarfin Taurin Kai (min, MPa)	585	500
Tsawaita (ƙananan, %)	20	30
Tauri (max, HB)	250	230

2.3 Ƙarfin Zafi Mai Girma (T91)

Zafin jiki (°C)	Ƙarfin Tsagewa na awanni 100,000 (MPa)	Ƙarfin Yawa (MPa)
550	150	320
600	100	280
620	80	260
650	50	220

An iyakance Alloy 28 zuwa ~450°C a cikin aikin lalata amma zai iya jure yanayin zafi mafi girma na ƙarfe a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba ya lalatawa.

2.4 Juriyar Tsatsa (Alloy 28)

Muhalli	Juriya
Sulfuric acid (duk wani abu mai yawa)	Yana da kyau a zafin jiki har zuwa 80°C
Acid na Phosphoric	Madalla sosai
Chlorides (rami / rami)	PREN 38-40, CPT ~50°C
H₂S + CO₂ + chlorides	Kyakkyawan aiki (sabis mai tsami)
Sinadaran halitta	Madalla sosai

Alloy 28 ya fi 316L da 904L kyau a cikin yanayin da ke da yawan chloride + acid kuma yana kama da Alloy 825 a lokuta da yawa.

3. Tsarin Masana'antu - Simintin Centrifugal mara sumul + Fitarwa

Mataki	Bayani
1. Simintin bututun Alloy 28 mai amfani da centrifugal	Ana jefa ƙarfe mai narkewar ƙarfe 28 cikin bututu mai kauri mai bango mara komai.
2. Saka & haɗa	Ana saka Alloy 28 blank a cikin wani ƙarfe na ƙarfe na T91 (an riga an yi masa injin da zai dace da shi).
3. Fitar zafi	Ana dumama billet ɗin da aka haɗa zuwa 1150-1200°C sannan a fitar da shi ta cikin injin daskarewa. Babban rabon raguwa (≥8:1) yana haifar da haɗin ƙarfe a wurin haɗawa. Extrusion kuma yana inganta tsarin hatsi.
4. Zane mai sanyi / yin fare (zaɓi ne)	Don ƙarin juriya ko ƙananan diamita, ana amfani da hanyoyin sanyi da yawa tare da matsakaicin annealing.
5. Maganin zafi	Daidaita (1050°C) + zafin jiki (760°C) ga T91; Ana amfani da Alloy 28 a cikin wannan zagayen.
6. Daidaitawa da kammalawa	Daidaita daidai, yankewa zuwa tsayi, yankewa ƙarshe.
7. NDT & gwaji	Duba Sashe na 4.

4. Kula da Inganci da Gwaji

Gwaji	Hanyar	Faɗin	Karɓa
Nazarin sinadarai	OES	Kowace zafi (duka layukan biyu)	Dangane da takamaiman kayan aiki
Bond UT	Cikakken jiki, tsayin daka + yanke	Bututun da aka fitar da kashi 100%	Babu rabuwar ƙarfe > 50mm
Tashin hankali @ RT	Samfurin tsayi	Kowace rukuni	Ya dace da takamaiman bayanai
Ƙarfin zafin jiki mai ƙarfi	600°C (zaɓi ne)	A kowace buƙata	An ruwaito
Fashewar ƙwallo	600°C / 650°C (zaɓi ne)	A kowace buƙata	An ruwaito
Gwajin lanƙwasawa	Dangane da ASTM A1016	Kowace ƙasa	Babu tsagewa
Gwajin Hydrostatic	Matsin ƙira na 1.5 ×	Kowace bututu	Babu ɗigowa
Dubawa mai girma	Micrometers / Lasers	100%	OD, WT, tsawon
Tsatsa tsakanin granular	ASTM A262 Practice E (akan Alloy 28)	A kowace buƙata	Babu hari

Takardu:EN 10204 Nau'i na 3.1 (daidaitacce) ko Nau'i na 3.2 (shaida na ɓangare na uku).

5. Girman Girma

OD (mm)	Baya (T91) WT (mm)	Rufe (Alloy 28) WT (mm)	Matsakaicin Tsawon (m)
38.1	4.0 – 8.0	1.8 – 2.5	15
44.5	5.0 – 8.0	1.8 – 2.5	15
51.0	5.0 – 10.0	2.0 – 2.8	15
63.5	5.0 – 12.0	2.0 – 3.0	15
76.2	6.0 – 12.0	2.0 – 3.0	15
88.9	6.0 – 12.0	2.0 – 3.0	15
101.6	6.0 – 12.0	2.0 – 3.0	15
114.3	6.0 – 12.0	2.0 – 3.0	12
141.3	8.0 – 15.0	2.2 – 3.5	12
168.3	8.0 – 15.0	2.5 – 3.5	12

Mafi girman OD mai yiwuwa ta hanyar haɗa hot birgima (kauri mai walda) - tuntuɓi don ƙarin bayani.

6. Aikace-aikacen da Aka saba

● Bututun dumama/mai sake dumama tukunyar jirgi mai matuƙar tsanani- inda zafin gefen iskar gas ya wuce 600°C kuma ɓangaren ɓangaren tururi ko na ciki yana buƙatar kariyar tsatsa.

●Boilers na dawo da zafi a cikin tsire-tsire masu ɗauke da sinadarin sulfuric acid- iskar SO₂/SO₃ mai zafi a waje, haɗarin daskararren acid a ciki. T91 yana ba da ƙarfin rarrafe; Alloy 28 yana tsayayya da harin acid.

●Masu musayar zafi mai zafi don hydrocarbons masu chlorine- ruwan ciki yana ɗauke da chlorides da Organic acid har zuwa 400°C; Alloy 28 yana hana ramuka da SCC.

●Biomass / sharar gida zuwa shuke-shuken makamashi- iskar gas mai dauke da sinadarin chlorine da gishirin alkali; bututun T91+Alloy 28 mai rufi (tare da Alloy 28 a gefen wuta) yana tsawaita tsawon lokacin bututun.

●Mai gyara hydrogen / mai sanyaya syngas- sabis inda akwai gurɓatattun abubuwa masu zafi da kuma gurɓatattun abubuwa.

7. Dalilin da yasa Womic Steel ke amfani da T91+Alloy 28

●Gine-gine marasa sumul- babu dinkin walda na tsawon lokaci, wanda ke kawar da matsalar gama gari a cikin sabis na zagaye mai zafi mai zafi.

● Hanyar extrusion da aka tabbatar– Muna da ƙwarewa wajen samar da ƙananan bututu masu sirara masu rufi da bango don amfani da injin dumama da na musanya zafi.

● Ƙarfin U-bend- Lanƙwasawa cikin sanyi tare da maganin zafi; zai iya samar da abubuwan dumama mai cikakken tsari.

● Cikakken bin diddigin bayanai– Kowace bututu mai lambar zafi ta T91 da Alloy 28.

● Takaddun shaida- EN 10204 Nau'in 3.2 yana samuwa; yana iya aiki tare da TÜV, BV, ko DNV don bin ƙa'idodin lambar tukunyar jirgi.

8. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi

T: Za a iya amfani da T91+Alloy 28 don hidimar hydrogen mai matsin lamba?
A: T91 yana iya kamuwa da sinadarin hydrogen a yanayin zafi mai yawa. Don amfani da sinadarin hydrogen, muna ba da shawarar ƙarfe mai ƙarancin ƙarfe + 316L ko Inconel 625 clad. Tuntuɓe mu don takamaiman shawarwari.

T: Shin rufin Alloy 28 koyaushe yana kan ID?
A: Tsarinmu na yau da kullun shine Alloy 28 akan ID (gefen ruwa). Don aikace-aikacen da ke damun tsatsa ta waje (misali, iskar gas mai lalata a waje mai zafi), za mu iya samar da bututun da aka lulluɓe da Alloy 28 akan OD. Da fatan za a ƙayyade yanayin da za a bi lokacin yin oda.

Tambaya: Menene mafi ƙarancin kauri na cladding don ingantaccen haɗin gwiwa?
A: Don fitar da iska mara matsala, 1.5mm shine mafi ƙarancin aiki. Don ɗaukar nauyi mai tsatsa, muna ba da shawarar ≥2.0mm.

T: Za ku iya samar da U-bends?
A: Eh. Muna yin lanƙwasa sanyi da mandrel, sannan sai a yi maganin zafi gaba ɗaya (rage damuwa ko daidaita + rage zafi) da kuma 100% NDT na ɓangaren lanƙwasa.

T: Ta yaya Alloy 28 zai kwatanta da Incoloy 825?
A: Alloy 28 yana da Cr da Ni mafi girma, ƙasa da Mo kaɗan, kuma yana ɗauke da Cu. Yana da kama sosai a cikin juriya ga tsatsa gaba ɗaya. Alloy 28 sau da yawa yana da inganci a Turai; Incoloy 825 ya fi yawa a cikin ayyukan ƙayyadaddun bayanai na Amurka. Ana iya amfani da duka biyun don irin wannan sabis na acidic/chloride. Muna bayarwa ko dai idan an buƙata.